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Evaluation
Cronbach et al. (1970), evaluation means the systematic examination of events occurring and consequent on a contemporary program. An examination is conducted to assist in improving this program and other programs with the same general purpose.
Tuckman (1975), evaluation is a process wherein the parts, processes, or outcomes of a program are examined to see whether they are satisfactory, particularly regarding the stated objectives of the program, our expectations, or our standards of excellence.
Evaluation is a process of collecting, analyzing, and interpreting information about teaching and learning to make informed decisions that enhance student achievement and educational programs (Rea-Dickens & Germanie, 1993; Genesee & Upshur, 1996; O’MallyO’Mally).
Thorpe (1993), evaluation is the collection analysis and interpretation of information about training as part of a recognized process of judging its effectiveness, its efficiency, and any other outcomes it may have.
Evaluation is a process that includes five essential components:
- Articulating the purpose of the educational system.
- Identifying and collecting relevant information.
- Having ideas that are valuable and useful to learners in their lives and professions.
- Analyzing and interpreting information for learners.
- Classroom management or classroom decision making.
Differences between Testing, Assessment, and Evaluation
- The test is used to measure students` abilities or competencies.
- The assessment provides feedback on the student’s performance specifying his/ her strengths and areas for improvement, which offers insights for taking appropriate steps to improve the learning.
- Evaluation, based on the collected evidence, determines the standards met and the levels of success or failure in meeting these standards.
References & Recommended Reading
- Cronbach, L. J. (1970). Essentials of Psychological Testing (2nd Edition). New York: Harper.
- Genesee, F., & J. Upshur. (1996). Classroom-Based Evaluation in Second Language Education. Cambridge University Press
- O’MalleyO’Malley, J. M., & L. Valdez- Pierce. (1996). Authentic Assessment for English Language Learners: Practical Approaches for Teachers. Reading. MA: Addison- Wesley.
- Rea-Dickins. P. & K. Geimanie (1993). Evaluation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Thorpe, M. (1993). Evaluating Open and Distance Learning. Harlow: Longman.
- Tuckman, B.W. (1975).Measuring Educational Outcomes Fundamental of Testing. Atlanta: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich Inc.
